Structures Négatives et Placement en Anglais | Tutoriel Complet 1ère

1 DO NOT → DON'T (présent simple)
2 DOES NOT → DOESN'T (présent simple, 3e pers. sing.)
3 DID NOT → DIDN'T (passé simple)
4 WILL NOT → WON'T (futur)
5 CAN NOT → CAN'T (capacité)
6 COULD NOT → COULDN'T (possibilité)

Exemples :

• I + don't + like + coffee
• She + doesn't + work + here
• They + didn't + see + the movie

Le verbe TO BE ne nécessite pas d'auxiliaire pour former la négation :

Formes :

• I am → I am not (I'm not)
• You are → You are not (You're not/Aren't)
• He/She/It is → He/She/It is not (He's not/Isn't)
• We/They are → We/They are not (We're not/Aren't)

1 I am not tired. (Je ne suis pas fatigué(e))
2 She is not here. (Elle n'est pas ici)
3 They are not students. (Ils ne sont pas étudiants)
4 It isn't cold today. (Il ne fait pas froid aujourd'hui)

Les verbes modaux (can, could, may, might, must, should, will, would) forment la négation en ajoutant NOT directement :

Exemples :

• I can't swim. (Je ne peux pas nager)
• She shouldn't go. (Elle ne devrait pas y aller)
• They won't come. (Ils ne viendront pas)
• He mustn't smoke. (Il ne doit pas fumer)

• can + not → can't
• could + not → couldn't
• will + not → won't
• would + not → wouldn't
• should + not → shouldn't
• must + not → mustn't

AVEC HAVE GOT, la négation se fait avec l'auxiliaire DO :

Exemples :

• I haven't got a car. (Je n'ai pas de voiture)
• She hasn't got time. (Elle n'a pas de temps)
• They haven't got money. (Ils n'ont pas d'argent)

Vous pouvez aussi utiliser la forme simple :

• I don't have a car. (Je n'ai pas de voiture)
• She doesn't have time. (Elle n'a pas de temps)
• They don't have money. (Ils n'ont pas d'argent)

La négation se place toujours entre le sujet et le verbe principal :

• Affirmatif : Subject + Verb + Object
• Négatif : Subject + Auxiliary + NOT + Verb + Object

Exemples :

• I play tennis. → I don't play tennis.
• She reads books. → She doesn't read books.
• They visited Paris. → They didn't visit Paris.

Avec TO BE, la négation se place directement après :

• Affirmatif : Subject + TO BE + Complement
• Négatif : Subject + TO BE + NOT + Complement

Exemples :

• I am happy. → I am not happy.
• She is smart. → She is not smart.
• They are here. → They are not here.

Certains adverbes peuvent exprimer la négation :

• NEVER - jamais
• NOBODY/NO ONE - personne
• NOTHING - rien
• NOWHERE - nulle part
• NO - aucun(e)
• NEITHER/NOR - ni...ni

Exemples :

• I never go out. (Je ne sors jamais)
• Nobody came. (Personne n'est venu)
• There is nothing here. (Il n'y a rien ici)

En anglais standard, évitez la double négation :

• Incorrect : I don't know nothing.
• Correct : I don't know anything.

• Present Simple : I don't like pizza.
• Present Continuous : She isn't working today.
• Past Simple : They didn't go to the concert.
• Future : We won't be late.
• Modal : He can't drive.
• TO BE : It isn't cold outside.

Phrase affirmative : He plays football.

Phrase négative : He doesn't play football.

Phrase affirmative : They are happy.

Phrase négative : They aren't happy.

1. I don't play tennis every weekend.
2. She doesn't speak French fluently.
3. They don't live in New York.
4. He isn't a doctor. (avec TO BE)
5. We didn't go to the cinema yesterday.
6. It doesn't rain a lot in winter.

• Verbe d'action présent → don't/doesn't
• TO BE → isn't (pas doesn't)
• Passé → didn't

1. She doesn't work on weekends.
2. We haven't seen that movie yet.
3. He doesn't like spicy food.
4. They aren't at home now.
5. I didn't have breakfast this morning.
6. You can't swim, right?

Chaque phrase utilise une forme de négation appropriée :

• Present simple → doesn't
• Present perfect → haven't
• TO BE → aren't
• Modal → can't