Pratique des Phrases Complexes en Anglais | Tutoriel Complet 1ère

Une phrase complexe est une phrase qui contient une proposition principale et au moins une proposition subordonnée.

Elle combine des idées en reliant une proposition indépendante (qui peut exister seule) à une ou plusieurs propositions dépendantes.

Exemples :

• I know that you are right.
• She left early because she was tired.
• The book which I borrowed is very interesting.

Les phrases complexes contiennent différents types de propositions :

• Proposition principale - peut exister seule
• Proposition subordonnée - dépend de la principale
• Proposition relative - commence par who, which, that
• Proposition conjonctive - commence par that, if, whether
• Proposition adverbiale - exprime le temps, la cause, la condition, etc.

Les propositions relatives commencent par des pronomes relatifs :

• Who - pour les personnes (sujet)
• Whom - pour les personnes (objet)
• Which - pour les choses
• That - pour personnes et choses
• Whose - pour exprimer la possession

Exemples :

• The man who is speaking is my teacher.
• The book which I bought is interesting.
• The car that is parked outside is mine.

Les propositions conjonctives commencent par des conjonctions subordonnées :

• That - pour introduire des idées
• If/Whether - pour les conditions
• When - pour le temps
• Because - pour la cause
• Although/Though - pour le contraste

Exemples :

• I believe that you are correct.
• I wonder if it will rain.
• She left early because she was tired.

Les propositions adverbiales expriment des circonstances :

• Temps : When, While, After, Before, Since, Until
• Cause : Because, Since, As, Now that
• But : So that, In order that, Lest
• Condition : If, Unless, Provided that, As long as
• Contraste : Although, Though, Even though, While
• Manière : As if, As though

Exemples :

• I will wait until you arrive (temps).
• He left early because he was tired (cause).
• Although it was raining, we went out (contraste).

• The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
• The book which I borrowed is very interesting.
• The car that is parked outside belongs to my neighbor.
• The student whose essay won the prize is very talented.

• I believe that you are right.
• She wondered whether she should go.
• I know if you are telling the truth.

• I will call you when I arrive.
• She stayed home because she was sick.
• Although it was difficult, she succeeded.

Pour chaque phrase, identifiez la proposition principale et la proposition subordonnée :

1. I know that you are right.
2. The book which I borrowed is interesting.
3. She left early because she was tired.
4. The woman who spoke to me was friendly.
5. Although it was raining, we went out.
6. I will call you when I arrive.

1. Principale: I know | Subordonnée: that you are right (conjonctive)
2. Principale: The book is interesting | Subordonnée: which I borrowed (relative)
3. Principale: She left early | Subordonnée: because she was tired (adverbiale de cause)
4. Principale: The woman was friendly | Subordonnée: who spoke to me (relative)
5. Subordonnée: Although it was raining | Principale: we went out (adverbiale de contraste)
6. Principale: I will call you | Subordonnée: when I arrive (adverbiale de temps)

Complétez les phrases avec la proposition subordonnée appropriée :

1. I know _______ you are right.
2. The book _______ I borrowed is interesting.
3. She left early _______ she was tired.
4. The woman _______ spoke to me was friendly.
5. _______ it was raining, we went out.
6. I will call you _______ I arrive.

1. I know that you are right. (conjonctive)
2. The book which I borrowed is interesting. (relative)
3. She left early because she was tired. (adverbiale)
4. The woman who spoke to me was friendly. (relative)
5. Although it was raining, we went out. (adverbiale)
6. I will call you when I arrive. (adverbiale)

Transformez les paires de phrases simples en une seule phrase complexe :

1. I know something. You are right.
2. The book is interesting. I borrowed it.
3. She left early. She was tired.
4. The woman spoke to me. She was friendly.
5. It was raining. We went out.
6. I will call you. I arrive.

1. I know that you are right.
2. The book which I borrowed is interesting.
3. She left early because she was tired.
4. The woman who spoke to me was friendly.
5. Although it was raining, we went out.
6. I will call you when I arrive.