Practical Usage of Future and Conditional Forms | Anglais Seconde

Will est utilisé pour exprimer des promesses fermes et des engagements :

• I will help you with your homework. (promesse)
• She will arrive at 8 PM. (engagement)
• We will not forget your birthday. (promesse)

Will exprime des décisions prises au moment de la parole :

• Oh no, I forgot my umbrella! I'll buy one later. (décision spontanée)
• Don't worry, I'll call you. (décision immédiate)
• OK, I'll do the dishes. (décision spontanée)

Will est utilisé pour prédire des événements futurs :

• It will rain tomorrow. (prédiction météo)
• She will pass the exam. (prédiction personnelle)
• The train will be delayed. (prédiction)

Will exprime des offres spontanées :

• I'll carry your bag. (offre)
• Shall I open the door for you? (offre polie)
• Will you help me with this? (proposition)

Going to exprime des intentions ou des plans déjà décidés :

• I am going to study abroad next year. (plan préparé)
• They are going to move to a new house. (intention)
• We are going to visit our grandparents this weekend. (plan)

Going to est utilisé pour prédire des événements basés sur des observations :

• Look at those clouds! It's going to rain. (prédiction basée sur observation)
• He's going to be late. He missed the bus. (prédiction basée sur fait)
• Watch out! The glass is going to fall. (observation)

Going to vs Will :

• Going to : plan préparé ou prédiction basée sur preuve
• Will : décision spontanée ou prédiction sans preuve

Would est utilisé dans les phrases conditionnelles pour exprimer des situations hypothétiques :

• If I had money, I would buy a car. (second conditional)
• If I were you, I would study harder. (second conditional)
• If it rained, we would stay inside. (second conditional)

Would exprime des demandes polies et des suggestions :

• Would you mind helping me? (politesse)
• Would you like some coffee? (offre polie)
• Would it be possible to...? (demande indirecte)

Would exprime des habitudes dans le passé :

• When I was young, I would play football every day. (habitude passée)
• My grandmother would tell stories every evening. (habitude passée)

Would est utilisé pour des suggestions et des conseils :

• I would recommend this book. (suggestion)
• You would benefit from more practice. (conseil)

Going to : We are going to launch the new product next month. (plan préparé)

Will : I will finish the report by tomorrow. (décision ferme)

Would : Would you be able to attend the meeting? (demande polie)

Would : I would suggest reviewing the proposal before submission. (suggestion)

Would : If we had more budget, we would expand the team. (hypothèse)

Will : The project will be completed on schedule. (certitude)

Going to : I am going to submit my assignment tomorrow. (intention prévue)

Will : I will study for the exam this weekend. (décision ferme)

Would : Would you explain this concept again? (demande polie)

Will : Will the teacher be absent tomorrow? (question sur le futur)

Would : If I had more time, I would read more books. (hypothèse)

Would : I would recommend this study method. (suggestion)

• Will : décision ferme, promesse, prédiction sans preuve
• Going to : plan préparé, prédiction basée sur observation
• Would : hypothèse, condition, politesse, habitude passée

Will : I will cook dinner tonight. (décision spontanée)

Going to : I am going to clean the house this weekend. (plan préparé)

Would : Would you like to have dinner with us? (offre polie)

Will : We will visit Paris next summer. (plan)

Going to : We are going to book our tickets tomorrow. (intention)

Would : If I had more money, I would travel more. (hypothèse)

Will : I will buy some milk on my way home. (décision)

Going to : I am going to try that new restaurant. (intention)

Would : I would prefer to pay by cash. (préférence)

Will : The doctor will examine you in a moment. (certitude)

Going to : I am going to take the prescribed medication. (intention)

Would : Would you describe your symptoms? (question polie)

Will : I will exercise more starting next week. (décision)

Going to : I am going to follow a healthier diet. (plan)

Would : If I had more time, I would go to the gym. (hypothèse)

Will : The treatment will improve your condition. (prédiction)

Would : I would recommend physical therapy for recovery. (suggestion)

Les transformations changent l'accent mis sur la certitude ou la probabilité :

• Will → Going to : Accent sur le plan ou l'intention
• Going to → Will : Accent sur la certitude ou la décision
• Would → Will : Accent sur la suggestion ou la possibilité plus ferme

Will : I will play tennis this afternoon. (décision spontanée)

Going to : I am going to join the football team. (plan préparé)

Would : I would like to participate in the tournament. (désir)

Will : We will watch the new movie tonight. (décision)

Going to : We are going to attend the concert next week. (plan)

Would : Would you like to go to the cinema? (offre polie)

Would : When I was a child, I would play video games all day. (habitude passée)

Would : My friends would gather at the park every weekend. (habitude passée)

Erreur : I am going to help you! (décision spontanée)

Correct : I will help you! (décision spontanée)

Utilise will pour les décisions prises au moment de la parole.

Erreur : I would finish my homework yesterday. (temps incorrect)

Correct : I finished my homework yesterday. (passé réel)

Would ne s'utilise pas avec des dates précises dans le passé.

Erreur : I have been knowing him for 5 years. (verbe d'état)

Correct : I have known him for 5 years. (verbe d'état)

Les verbes d'état (know, love, like, have possession) ne s'utilisent pas en continuous.

Erreur : I will go to school yesterday. (temps incorrect)

Correct : I went to school yesterday. (passé réel)

Le futur ne s'utilise pas pour des événements passés.

• Pour les décisions spontanées
• Pour les promesses et les offres
• Pour les prédictions sans preuve
• Pour exprimer la certitude

• Pour les plans prévus
• Pour les intentions
• Pour les prédictions basées sur des preuves
• Quand la décision a été prise avant de parler

• Pour les conditions hypothétiques
• Pour exprimer la politesse
• Pour les suggestions et conseils
• Pour les habitudes passées