Phrases Complexes en Anglais | Cours Complet pour Seconde

Peut exister seule et exprime une idée complète.

Exemple : She knows the answer.

Dépend de la principale et ne peut pas exister seule.

Exemple : because she studied hard.

Contiennent une proposition principale et une ou plusieurs propositions subordonnées.

Exemple : I know that she will come.

Structure : Main clause + Subordinate clause

Contiennent deux ou plusieurs propositions indépendantes.

Exemple : I came early, and she was already there.

Structure : Independent clause + Coordinating conjunction + Independent clause

Contiennent plusieurs propositions indépendantes et au moins une subordonnée.

Exemple : I came early, and she was already there because she had an important meeting.

Fonctionnent comme un nom dans la phrase.

Exemple : What he said was surprising. ("what he said" est objet de la phrase)

Modifient un nom, commencent souvent par who, which, that.

Exemple : The book that I read was interesting. ("that I read" modifie "book")

Modifient un verbe, un adjectif ou un autre adverbe.

Exemple : I'll call you when I arrive. ("when I arrive" modifie le verbe "call")

Phrase : Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk because we needed fresh air.

Proposition principale : we decided to go for a walk

Subordonnée adverbiale de concession : Although it was raining

Subordonnée adverbiale de cause : because we needed fresh air

Subordonnée + Principale : When the bell rang, the students left.

Principale + Subordonnée : The students left when the bell rang.

because, since, as, for

Exemple : He left early because he felt tired.

so that, in order that, that

Exemple : She studied hard so that she could pass the exam.

if, unless, provided that, as long as

Exemple : If it rains, we'll stay inside.

although, though, even though, while

Exemple : Although it was difficult, she completed the task.

when, while, before, after, until, since

Exemple : When I arrived, the meeting had already started.

Utilisé pour les personnes (sujet).

Exemple : The woman who called is my sister.

Utilisé pour les personnes (objet).

Exemple : The man whom I saw was tall.

Utilisé pour les choses.

Exemple : The book which I borrowed is interesting.

Utilisé pour personnes et choses.

Exemple : The car that is parked outside is mine.

Indiquent lieu, temps ou raison.

Exemple : This is the place where we met.

1. The teacher who gave the lecture was very knowledgeable.

2. Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.

3. I know that you have been working hard lately.

4. The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.

5. We will leave when the bus arrives.

1. Principale: "The teacher was very knowledgeable" / Subordonnée: "who gave the lecture" (adjectivale)

2. Principale: "we decided to go for a walk" / Subordonnée: "Although it was raining" (concession)

3. Principale: "I know" / Subordonnée: "that you have been working hard lately" (substantive)

4. Principale: "The book is very interesting" / Subordonnée: "which I bought yesterday" (adjectivale)

5. Principale: "We will leave" / Subordonnée: "when the bus arrives" (temporelle)

1. The student / who studies hard / will succeed.

2. I will call you / when I arrive / at the station.

3. Although it was difficult / the task was completed / successfully.

4. She knows / that the meeting / has been postponed.

5. The house / where I grew up / is now for sale.

1. The student who studies hard will succeed.

2. I will call you when I arrive at the station.

3. Although it was difficult, the task was completed successfully.

4. She knows that the meeting has been postponed.

5. The house where I grew up is now for sale.

1. He was tired. He continued working. (using although)

2. She speaks English fluently. She lived in London for five years. (using because)

3. The book is popular. It was written by a famous author. (using that)

4. The man is my uncle. He is standing near the door. (using who)

5. We will go swimming. The weather is nice. (using if)

1. Although he was tired, he continued working.

2. She speaks English fluently because she lived in London for five years.

3. The book that was written by a famous author is popular.

4. The man who is standing near the door is my uncle.

5. We will go swimming if the weather is nice.

"The project, which had been delayed several times, was finally completed after the team worked overtime, although some members were exhausted."

Proposition principale : The project was finally completed

Subordonnée adjectivale : which had been delayed several times (modifie "project")

Subordonnée adverbiale temporelle : after the team worked overtime

Subordonnée adverbiale de concession : although some members were exhausted

C'est une phrase composée-complexe avec une proposition principale et trois propositions subordonnées.

Erreur: The person whom I saw was tall.

Correct: The person who I saw was tall. (ou "whom" si sujet de la subordonnée)

Erreur: The house that I grew up is old.

Correct: The house where I grew up is old.

Erreur: Although it was raining we went out.

Correct: Although it was raining, we went out.

Assurez-vous que chaque proposition ait son propre verbe.

Exemple correct: I know that he will come.

Subject: [That clause] + verb + object

Exemple: What he said surprised me.

Noun + [relative pronoun] + clause

Exemple: The book that I read was interesting.

[Subordinating conjunction] + clause + main clause

Exemple: Although it was difficult, she succeeded.

Si la subordonnée commence la phrase, suivez-la d'une virgule.

Exemple: When I arrived, the meeting had started.

Quelle est la différence entre une phrase simple et une phrase complexe ?

Réponse: Une phrase simple a une seule proposition, tandis qu'une phrase complexe a une proposition principale et au moins une subordonnée.

Identifiez les propositions dans: "I know that she will come if she finishes her work."

Réponse: Principale: "I know", Subordonnée substantive: "that she will come", Subordonnée conditionnelle: "if she finishes her work"

Complétez: "The woman _____ called yesterday is my aunt."

Réponse: who (car le pronom est sujet de la subordonnée)

Transformez en phrase complexe: "The weather was nice. We went swimming."

Réponse: We went swimming because the weather was nice.

Exemple: I believe that our proposal will be accepted if we present it clearly.

Structure: Subordonnée substantive (objekt) + subordonnée conditionnelle

Exemple: The novel, which was written by a young author, became a bestseller although it dealt with complex themes.

Structure: Subordonnée adjectivale + subordonnée de concession

Exemple: The research showed that the treatment was effective when administered early in the disease.

Structure: Subordonnée substantive + subordonnée temporelle

Chaque proposition (principale ou subordonnée) doit avoir son propre verbe.

Comptez les verbes pour identifier le nombre de propositions.

Reconnaissez les conjonctions de subordination (because, when, although, etc.) et les pronoms relatifs (who, which, that, etc.).

Est-ce qu'elle fonctionne comme un nom (substantive), modifie un nom (adjectivale) ou modifie un verbe (adverbiale) ?

Créez vos propres phrases complexes avec différentes structures.

Lisez des textes anglais et identifiez les types de propositions.